The basic performance of board to board connectors can be divided into three categories: mechanical performance, electrical performance and environmental performance.
Mechanical properties as far as connection function is concerned, plug-in force is an important mechanical property. The pull-out force is divided into insertion force and pull-out force (pull-out force is also called separation force), and their requirements are different. The maximum insertion force and the minimum separation force are stipulated in the relevant standards, which indicates that from the point of view of use, the insertion force is small (thus the structure with low insertion force LIF and no insertion force ZIF), and if the separation force is too small, the contact reliability will be affected.
Another important mechanical property is the mechanical life of the board to board connector. Mechanical life is actually a durability index, which is called mechanical operation in GB 50095. It takes one insert and one pull out as a cycle, and judges whether the connector can normally complete its connection function (such as contact resistance value) after the specified insert and pull out cycle.
The insertion and extraction force and mechanical life of the board to board connector are related to the contact structure (positive pressure), the coating quality (sliding friction coefficient) of the contact part and the dimensional accuracy (alignment) of the contact arrangement.
2. Electrical performance mainly includes contact resistance, insulation resistance, current and electrical resistance
Contact resistance: high quality electrical connector should have low and stable contact resistance. The contact resistance of the connector ranges from a few milliohm to tens of milliohm.
Insulation resistance: the index to measure the insulation performance between contacts of electrical connector and between contacts and shell. Its order of magnitude ranges from several hundred megohm to several gigaohm.
Electrical strength or withstand voltage: the capability of withstanding rated test voltage between connector contacts or between contacts and shell depends on the gap between circuits (i.e. contact spacing and creepage distance) and the insulating material used in the connector
